What is the definition of a Bronsted base?

A Bronsted base is defined as a substance that accepts protons (H⁺ ions) during a chemical reaction. This concept is part of the Brønsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases, which states that acids are proton donors, and bases are proton acceptors.

When a Bronsted base encounters an acid, it can interact by accepting the proton that the acid donates. This characteristic allows Bronsted bases to participate in a variety of chemical reactions, particularly in aqueous solutions where proton transfer is common.

For example, when ammonia (NH₃) acts as a Bronsted base, it accepts a proton to form ammonium (NH₄⁺). This reaction highlights the function of the base in removing protons from the solution and demonstrating the transfer of protons between species. The ability to accept protons is central to the behavior of Bronsted bases in acid-base chemistry.